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vaultwarden/src/config.rs

1279 lines
59 KiB

use std::env::consts::EXE_SUFFIX;
use std::process::exit;
use std::sync::RwLock;
use job_scheduler_ng::Schedule;
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
use reqwest::Url;
use crate::{
db::DbConnType,
error::Error,
util::{get_env, get_env_bool},
};
static CONFIG_FILE: Lazy<String> = Lazy::new(|| {
let data_folder = get_env("DATA_FOLDER").unwrap_or_else(|| String::from("data"));
get_env("CONFIG_FILE").unwrap_or_else(|| format!("{data_folder}/config.json"))
});
pub static CONFIG: Lazy<Config> = Lazy::new(|| {
Config::load().unwrap_or_else(|e| {
println!("Error loading config:\n\t{e:?}\n");
exit(12)
})
});
pub type Pass = String;
macro_rules! make_config {
($(
$(#[doc = $groupdoc:literal])?
$group:ident $(: $group_enabled:ident)? {
$(
$(#[doc = $doc:literal])+
$name:ident : $ty:ident, $editable:literal, $none_action:ident $(, $default:expr)?;
)+},
)+) => {
pub struct Config { inner: RwLock<Inner> }
struct Inner {
rocket_shutdown_handle: Option<rocket::Shutdown>,
ws_shutdown_handle: Option<tokio::sync::oneshot::Sender<()>>,
templates: Handlebars<'static>,
config: ConfigItems,
_env: ConfigBuilder,
_usr: ConfigBuilder,
_overrides: Vec<String>,
}
#[derive(Clone, Default, Deserialize, Serialize)]
pub struct ConfigBuilder {
$($(
#[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
$name: Option<$ty>,
)+)+
}
impl ConfigBuilder {
#[allow(clippy::field_reassign_with_default)]
fn from_env() -> Self {
let env_file = get_env("ENV_FILE").unwrap_or_else(|| String::from(".env"));
match dotenvy::from_path(&env_file) {
Ok(_) => {
println!("[INFO] Using environment file `{env_file}` for configuration.\n");
},
Err(e) => match e {
dotenvy::Error::LineParse(msg, pos) => {
println!("[ERROR] Failed parsing environment file: `{env_file}`\nNear {msg:?} on position {pos}\nPlease fix and restart!\n");
exit(255);
},
dotenvy::Error::Io(ioerr) => match ioerr.kind() {
std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => {
// Only exit if this environment variable is set, but the file was not found.
// This prevents incorrectly configured environments.
if let Some(env_file) = get_env::<String>("ENV_FILE") {
println!("[ERROR] The configured ENV_FILE `{env_file}` was not found!\n");
exit(255);
}
},
std::io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied => {
println!("[ERROR] Permission denied while trying to read environment file `{env_file}`!\n");
exit(255);
},
_ => {
println!("[ERROR] Reading environment file `{env_file}` failed:\n{ioerr:?}\n");
exit(255);
}
},
_ => {
println!("[ERROR] Reading environment file `{env_file}` failed:\n{e:?}\n");
exit(255);
}
}
};
let mut builder = ConfigBuilder::default();
$($(
builder.$name = make_config! { @getenv paste::paste!(stringify!([<$name:upper>])), $ty };
)+)+
builder
}
fn from_file(path: &str) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let config_str = std::fs::read_to_string(path)?;
println!("[INFO] Using saved config from `{path}` for configuration.\n");
serde_json::from_str(&config_str).map_err(Into::into)
}
/// Merges the values of both builders into a new builder.
/// If both have the same element, `other` wins.
fn merge(&self, other: &Self, show_overrides: bool, overrides: &mut Vec<String>) -> Self {
let mut builder = self.clone();
$($(
if let v @Some(_) = &other.$name {
builder.$name = v.clone();
if self.$name.is_some() {
overrides.push(paste::paste!(stringify!([<$name:upper>])).into());
}
}
)+)+
if show_overrides && !overrides.is_empty() {
// We can't use warn! here because logging isn't setup yet.
println!("[WARNING] The following environment variables are being overriden by the config.json file.");
println!("[WARNING] Please use the admin panel to make changes to them:");
println!("[WARNING] {}\n", overrides.join(", "));
}
builder
}
fn build(&self) -> ConfigItems {
let mut config = ConfigItems::default();
let _domain_set = self.domain.is_some();
$($(
config.$name = make_config!{ @build self.$name.clone(), &config, $none_action, $($default)? };
)+)+
config.domain_set = _domain_set;
config.domain = config.domain.trim_end_matches('/').to_string();
config.signups_domains_whitelist = config.signups_domains_whitelist.trim().to_lowercase();
config.org_creation_users = config.org_creation_users.trim().to_lowercase();
config
}
}
#[derive(Clone, Default)]
struct ConfigItems { $($( $name: make_config!{@type $ty, $none_action}, )+)+ }
#[allow(unused)]
impl Config {
$($(
$(#[doc = $doc])+
pub fn $name(&self) -> make_config!{@type $ty, $none_action} {
self.inner.read().unwrap().config.$name.clone()
}
)+)+
pub fn prepare_json(&self) -> serde_json::Value {
let (def, cfg, overriden) = {
let inner = &self.inner.read().unwrap();
(inner._env.build(), inner.config.clone(), inner._overrides.clone())
};
fn _get_form_type(rust_type: &str) -> &'static str {
match rust_type {
"Pass" => "password",
"String" => "text",
"bool" => "checkbox",
_ => "number"
}
}
fn _get_doc(doc: &str) -> serde_json::Value {
let mut split = doc.split("|>").map(str::trim);
// We do not use the json!() macro here since that causes a lot of macro recursion.
// This slows down compile time and it also causes issues with rust-analyzer
serde_json::Value::Object({
let mut doc_json = serde_json::Map::new();
doc_json.insert("name".into(), serde_json::to_value(split.next()).unwrap());
doc_json.insert("description".into(), serde_json::to_value(split.next()).unwrap());
doc_json
})
}
// We do not use the json!() macro here since that causes a lot of macro recursion.
// This slows down compile time and it also causes issues with rust-analyzer
serde_json::Value::Array(<[_]>::into_vec(Box::new([
$(
serde_json::Value::Object({
let mut group = serde_json::Map::new();
group.insert("group".into(), (stringify!($group)).into());
group.insert("grouptoggle".into(), (stringify!($($group_enabled)?)).into());
group.insert("groupdoc".into(), (make_config!{ @show $($groupdoc)? }).into());
group.insert("elements".into(), serde_json::Value::Array(<[_]>::into_vec(Box::new([
$(
serde_json::Value::Object({
let mut element = serde_json::Map::new();
element.insert("editable".into(), ($editable).into());
element.insert("name".into(), (stringify!($name)).into());
element.insert("value".into(), serde_json::to_value(cfg.$name).unwrap());
element.insert("default".into(), serde_json::to_value(def.$name).unwrap());
element.insert("type".into(), (_get_form_type(stringify!($ty))).into());
element.insert("doc".into(), (_get_doc(concat!($($doc),+))).into());
element.insert("overridden".into(), (overriden.contains(&paste::paste!(stringify!([<$name:upper>])).into())).into());
element
}),
)+
]))));
group
}),
)+
])))
}
pub fn get_support_json(&self) -> serde_json::Value {
// Define which config keys need to be masked.
// Pass types will always be masked and no need to put them in the list.
// Besides Pass, only String types will be masked via _privacy_mask.
const PRIVACY_CONFIG: &[&str] = &[
"allowed_iframe_ancestors",
"database_url",
"domain_origin",
"domain_path",
"domain",
"helo_name",
"org_creation_users",
"signups_domains_whitelist",
"smtp_from",
"smtp_host",
"smtp_username",
];
let cfg = {
let inner = &self.inner.read().unwrap();
inner.config.clone()
};
/// We map over the string and remove all alphanumeric, _ and - characters.
/// This is the fastest way (within micro-seconds) instead of using a regex (which takes mili-seconds)
fn _privacy_mask(value: &str) -> String {
let mut n: u16 = 0;
let mut colon_match = false;
value
.chars()
.map(|c| {
n += 1;
match c {
':' if n <= 11 => {
colon_match = true;
c
}
'/' if n <= 13 && colon_match => c,
',' => c,
_ => '*',
}
})
.collect::<String>()
}
serde_json::Value::Object({
let mut json = serde_json::Map::new();
$($(
json.insert(stringify!($name).into(), make_config!{ @supportstr $name, cfg.$name, $ty, $none_action });
)+)+;
json
})
}
pub fn get_overrides(&self) -> Vec<String> {
let overrides = {
let inner = &self.inner.read().unwrap();
inner._overrides.clone()
};
overrides
}
}
};
// Support string print
( @supportstr $name:ident, $value:expr, Pass, option ) => { serde_json::to_value($value.as_ref().map(|_| String::from("***"))).unwrap() }; // Optional pass, we map to an Option<String> with "***"
( @supportstr $name:ident, $value:expr, Pass, $none_action:ident ) => { "***".into() }; // Required pass, we return "***"
( @supportstr $name:ident, $value:expr, String, option ) => { // Optional other value, we return as is or convert to string to apply the privacy config
if PRIVACY_CONFIG.contains(&stringify!($name)) {
serde_json::to_value($value.as_ref().map(|x| _privacy_mask(x) )).unwrap()
} else {
serde_json::to_value($value).unwrap()
}
};
( @supportstr $name:ident, $value:expr, String, $none_action:ident ) => { // Required other value, we return as is or convert to string to apply the privacy config
if PRIVACY_CONFIG.contains(&stringify!($name)) {
_privacy_mask(&$value).into()
} else {
($value).into()
}
};
( @supportstr $name:ident, $value:expr, $ty:ty, option ) => { serde_json::to_value($value).unwrap() }; // Optional other value, we return as is or convert to string to apply the privacy config
( @supportstr $name:ident, $value:expr, $ty:ty, $none_action:ident ) => { ($value).into() }; // Required other value, we return as is or convert to string to apply the privacy config
// Group or empty string
( @show ) => { "" };
( @show $lit:literal ) => { $lit };
// Wrap the optionals in an Option type
( @type $ty:ty, option) => { Option<$ty> };
( @type $ty:ty, $id:ident) => { $ty };
// Generate the values depending on none_action
( @build $value:expr, $config:expr, option, ) => { $value };
( @build $value:expr, $config:expr, def, $default:expr ) => { $value.unwrap_or($default) };
( @build $value:expr, $config:expr, auto, $default_fn:expr ) => {{
match $value {
Some(v) => v,
None => {
let f: &dyn Fn(&ConfigItems) -> _ = &$default_fn;
f($config)
}
}
}};
( @build $value:expr, $config:expr, gen, $default_fn:expr ) => {{
let f: &dyn Fn(&ConfigItems) -> _ = &$default_fn;
f($config)
}};
( @getenv $name:expr, bool ) => { get_env_bool($name) };
( @getenv $name:expr, $ty:ident ) => { get_env($name) };
}
//STRUCTURE:
// /// Short description (without this they won't appear on the list)
// group {
// /// Friendly Name |> Description (Optional)
// name: type, is_editable, action, <default_value (Optional)>
// }
//
// Where action applied when the value wasn't provided and can be:
// def: Use a default value
// auto: Value is auto generated based on other values
// option: Value is optional
// gen: Value is always autogenerated and it's original value ignored
make_config! {
folders {
/// Data folder |> Main data folder
data_folder: String, false, def, "data".to_string();
/// Database URL
database_url: String, false, auto, |c| format!("{}/{}", c.data_folder, "db.sqlite3");
/// Icon cache folder
icon_cache_folder: String, false, auto, |c| format!("{}/{}", c.data_folder, "icon_cache");
/// Attachments folder
attachments_folder: String, false, auto, |c| format!("{}/{}", c.data_folder, "attachments");
/// Sends folder
sends_folder: String, false, auto, |c| format!("{}/{}", c.data_folder, "sends");
/// Temp folder |> Used for storing temporary file uploads
tmp_folder: String, false, auto, |c| format!("{}/{}", c.data_folder, "tmp");
/// Templates folder
templates_folder: String, false, auto, |c| format!("{}/{}", c.data_folder, "templates");
/// Session JWT key
rsa_key_filename: String, false, auto, |c| format!("{}/{}", c.data_folder, "rsa_key");
/// Web vault folder
web_vault_folder: String, false, def, "web-vault/".to_string();
},
ws {
/// Enable websocket notifications
websocket_enabled: bool, false, def, false;
/// Websocket address
websocket_address: String, false, def, "0.0.0.0".to_string();
/// Websocket port
websocket_port: u16, false, def, 3012;
},
jobs {
/// Job scheduler poll interval |> How often the job scheduler thread checks for jobs to run.
/// Set to 0 to globally disable scheduled jobs.
job_poll_interval_ms: u64, false, def, 30_000;
/// Send purge schedule |> Cron schedule of the job that checks for Sends past their deletion date.
/// Defaults to hourly. Set blank to disable this job.
send_purge_schedule: String, false, def, "0 5 * * * *".to_string();
/// Trash purge schedule |> Cron schedule of the job that checks for trashed items to delete permanently.
/// Defaults to daily. Set blank to disable this job.
trash_purge_schedule: String, false, def, "0 5 0 * * *".to_string();
/// Incomplete 2FA login schedule |> Cron schedule of the job that checks for incomplete 2FA logins.
/// Defaults to once every minute. Set blank to disable this job.
incomplete_2fa_schedule: String, false, def, "30 * * * * *".to_string();
/// Emergency notification reminder schedule |> Cron schedule of the job that sends expiration reminders to emergency access grantors.
/// Defaults to hourly. (3 minutes after the hour) Set blank to disable this job.
emergency_notification_reminder_schedule: String, false, def, "0 3 * * * *".to_string();
/// Emergency request timeout schedule |> Cron schedule of the job that grants emergency access requests that have met the required wait time.
/// Defaults to hourly. (7 minutes after the hour) Set blank to disable this job.
emergency_request_timeout_schedule: String, false, def, "0 7 * * * *".to_string();
/// Event cleanup schedule |> Cron schedule of the job that cleans old events from the event table.
/// Defaults to daily. Set blank to disable this job.
event_cleanup_schedule: String, false, def, "0 10 0 * * *".to_string();
},
/// General settings
settings {
/// Domain URL |> This needs to be set to the URL used to access the server, including 'http[s]://'
/// and port, if it's different than the default. Some server functions don't work correctly without this value
domain: String, true, def, "http://localhost".to_string();
/// Domain Set |> Indicates if the domain is set by the admin. Otherwise the default will be used.
domain_set: bool, false, def, false;
/// Domain origin |> Domain URL origin (in https://example.com:8443/path, https://example.com:8443 is the origin)
domain_origin: String, false, auto, |c| extract_url_origin(&c.domain);
/// Domain path |> Domain URL path (in https://example.com:8443/path, /path is the path)
domain_path: String, false, auto, |c| extract_url_path(&c.domain);
/// Enable web vault
web_vault_enabled: bool, false, def, true;
/// Allow Sends |> Controls whether users are allowed to create Bitwarden Sends.
/// This setting applies globally to all users. To control this on a per-org basis instead, use the "Disable Send" org policy.
sends_allowed: bool, true, def, true;
/// HIBP Api Key |> HaveIBeenPwned API Key, request it here: https://haveibeenpwned.com/API/Key
hibp_api_key: Pass, true, option;
/// Per-user attachment storage limit (KB) |> Max kilobytes of attachment storage allowed per user. When this limit is reached, the user will not be allowed to upload further attachments.
user_attachment_limit: i64, true, option;
/// Per-organization attachment storage limit (KB) |> Max kilobytes of attachment storage allowed per org. When this limit is reached, org members will not be allowed to upload further attachments for ciphers owned by that org.
org_attachment_limit: i64, true, option;
/// Trash auto-delete days |> Number of days to wait before auto-deleting a trashed item.
/// If unset, trashed items are not auto-deleted. This setting applies globally, so make
/// sure to inform all users of any changes to this setting.
trash_auto_delete_days: i64, true, option;
/// Incomplete 2FA time limit |> Number of minutes to wait before a 2FA-enabled login is
/// considered incomplete, resulting in an email notification. An incomplete 2FA login is one
/// where the correct master password was provided but the required 2FA step was not completed,
/// which potentially indicates a master password compromise. Set to 0 to disable this check.
/// This setting applies globally to all users.
incomplete_2fa_time_limit: i64, true, def, 3;
/// Disable icon downloads |> Set to true to disable icon downloading in the internal icon service.
/// This still serves existing icons from $ICON_CACHE_FOLDER, without generating any external
/// network requests. $ICON_CACHE_TTL must also be set to 0; otherwise, the existing icons
/// will be deleted eventually, but won't be downloaded again.
disable_icon_download: bool, true, def, false;
/// Allow new signups |> Controls whether new users can register. Users can be invited by the vaultwarden admin even if this is disabled
signups_allowed: bool, true, def, true;
/// Require email verification on signups. This will prevent logins from succeeding until the address has been verified
signups_verify: bool, true, def, false;
/// If signups require email verification, automatically re-send verification email if it hasn't been sent for a while (in seconds)
signups_verify_resend_time: u64, true, def, 3_600;
/// If signups require email verification, limit how many emails are automatically sent when login is attempted (0 means no limit)
signups_verify_resend_limit: u32, true, def, 6;
/// Email domain whitelist |> Allow signups only from this list of comma-separated domains, even when signups are otherwise disabled
signups_domains_whitelist: String, true, def, String::new();
/// Enable event logging |> Enables event logging for organizations.
org_events_enabled: bool, false, def, false;
/// Org creation users |> Allow org creation only by this list of comma-separated user emails.
/// Blank or 'all' means all users can create orgs; 'none' means no users can create orgs.
org_creation_users: String, true, def, String::new();
/// Allow invitations |> Controls whether users can be invited by organization admins, even when signups are otherwise disabled
invitations_allowed: bool, true, def, true;
/// Invitation token expiration time (in hours) |> The number of hours after which an organization invite token, emergency access invite token,
/// email verification token and deletion request token will expire (must be at least 1)
invitation_expiration_hours: u32, false, def, 120;
/// Allow emergency access |> Controls whether users can enable emergency access to their accounts. This setting applies globally to all users.
emergency_access_allowed: bool, true, def, true;
/// Password iterations |> Number of server-side passwords hashing iterations for the password hash.
/// The default for new users. If changed, it will be updated during login for existing users.
password_iterations: i32, true, def, 600_000;
/// Allow password hints |> Controls whether users can set password hints. This setting applies globally to all users.
password_hints_allowed: bool, true, def, true;
/// Show password hint |> Controls whether a password hint should be shown directly in the web page
/// if SMTP service is not configured. Not recommended for publicly-accessible instances as this
/// provides unauthenticated access to potentially sensitive data.
show_password_hint: bool, true, def, false;
/// Admin page token |> The token used to authenticate in this very same page. Changing it here won't deauthorize the current session
admin_token: Pass, true, option;
/// Invitation organization name |> Name shown in the invitation emails that don't come from a specific organization
invitation_org_name: String, true, def, "Vaultwarden".to_string();
/// Events days retain |> Number of days to retain events stored in the database. If unset, events are kept indefently.
events_days_retain: i64, false, option;
},
/// Advanced settings
advanced {
/// Client IP header |> If not present, the remote IP is used.
/// Set to the string "none" (without quotes), to disable any headers and just use the remote IP
ip_header: String, true, def, "X-Real-IP".to_string();
/// Internal IP header property, used to avoid recomputing each time
_ip_header_enabled: bool, false, gen, |c| &c.ip_header.trim().to_lowercase() != "none";
/// Icon service |> The predefined icon services are: internal, bitwarden, duckduckgo, google.
/// To specify a custom icon service, set a URL template with exactly one instance of `{}`,
/// which is replaced with the domain. For example: `https://icon.example.com/domain/{}`.
/// `internal` refers to Vaultwarden's built-in icon fetching implementation. If an external
/// service is set, an icon request to Vaultwarden will return an HTTP redirect to the
/// corresponding icon at the external service.
icon_service: String, false, def, "internal".to_string();
/// _icon_service_url
_icon_service_url: String, false, gen, |c| generate_icon_service_url(&c.icon_service);
/// _icon_service_csp
_icon_service_csp: String, false, gen, |c| generate_icon_service_csp(&c.icon_service, &c._icon_service_url);
/// Icon redirect code |> The HTTP status code to use for redirects to an external icon service.
/// The supported codes are 301 (legacy permanent), 302 (legacy temporary), 307 (temporary), and 308 (permanent).
/// Temporary redirects are useful while testing different icon services, but once a service
/// has been decided on, consider using permanent redirects for cacheability. The legacy codes
/// are currently better supported by the Bitwarden clients.
icon_redirect_code: u32, true, def, 302;
/// Positive icon cache expiry |> Number of seconds to consider that an already cached icon is fresh. After this period, the icon will be redownloaded
icon_cache_ttl: u64, true, def, 2_592_000;
/// Negative icon cache expiry |> Number of seconds before trying to download an icon that failed again.
icon_cache_negttl: u64, true, def, 259_200;
/// Icon download timeout |> Number of seconds when to stop attempting to download an icon.
icon_download_timeout: u64, true, def, 10;
/// Icon blacklist Regex |> Any domains or IPs that match this regex won't be fetched by the icon service.
/// Useful to hide other servers in the local network. Check the WIKI for more details
icon_blacklist_regex: String, true, option;
/// Icon blacklist non global IPs |> Any IP which is not defined as a global IP will be blacklisted.
/// Usefull to secure your internal environment: See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserved_IP_addresses for a list of IPs which it will block
icon_blacklist_non_global_ips: bool, true, def, true;
/// Disable Two-Factor remember |> Enabling this would force the users to use a second factor to login every time.
/// Note that the checkbox would still be present, but ignored.
disable_2fa_remember: bool, true, def, false;
/// Disable authenticator time drifted codes to be valid |> Enabling this only allows the current TOTP code to be valid
/// TOTP codes of the previous and next 30 seconds will be invalid.
authenticator_disable_time_drift: bool, true, def, false;
/// Require new device emails |> When a user logs in an email is required to be sent.
/// If sending the email fails the login attempt will fail.
require_device_email: bool, true, def, false;
/// Reload templates (Dev) |> When this is set to true, the templates get reloaded with every request.
/// ONLY use this during development, as it can slow down the server
reload_templates: bool, true, def, false;
/// Enable extended logging
extended_logging: bool, false, def, true;
/// Log timestamp format
log_timestamp_format: String, true, def, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%3f".to_string();
/// Enable the log to output to Syslog
use_syslog: bool, false, def, false;
/// Log file path
log_file: String, false, option;
/// Log level
log_level: String, false, def, "Info".to_string();
/// Enable DB WAL |> Turning this off might lead to worse performance, but might help if using vaultwarden on some exotic filesystems,
/// that do not support WAL. Please make sure you read project wiki on the topic before changing this setting.
enable_db_wal: bool, false, def, true;
/// Max database connection retries |> Number of times to retry the database connection during startup, with 1 second between each retry, set to 0 to retry indefinitely
db_connection_retries: u32, false, def, 15;
/// Timeout when aquiring database connection
database_timeout: u64, false, def, 30;
/// Database connection pool size
database_max_conns: u32, false, def, 10;
/// Database connection init |> SQL statements to run when creating a new database connection, mainly useful for connection-scoped pragmas. If empty, a database-specific default is used.
database_conn_init: String, false, def, String::new();
/// Bypass admin page security (Know the risks!) |> Disables the Admin Token for the admin page so you may use your own auth in-front
disable_admin_token: bool, false, def, false;
/// Allowed iframe ancestors (Know the risks!) |> Allows other domains to embed the web vault into an iframe, useful for embedding into secure intranets
allowed_iframe_ancestors: String, true, def, String::new();
/// Seconds between login requests |> Number of seconds, on average, between login and 2FA requests from the same IP address before rate limiting kicks in
login_ratelimit_seconds: u64, false, def, 60;
/// Max burst size for login requests |> Allow a burst of requests of up to this size, while maintaining the average indicated by `login_ratelimit_seconds`. Note that this applies to both the login and the 2FA, so it's recommended to allow a burst size of at least 2
login_ratelimit_max_burst: u32, false, def, 10;
/// Seconds between admin login requests |> Number of seconds, on average, between admin requests from the same IP address before rate limiting kicks in
admin_ratelimit_seconds: u64, false, def, 300;
/// Max burst size for admin login requests |> Allow a burst of requests of up to this size, while maintaining the average indicated by `admin_ratelimit_seconds`
admin_ratelimit_max_burst: u32, false, def, 3;
/// Admin session lifetime |> Set the lifetime of admin sessions to this value (in minutes).
admin_session_lifetime: i64, true, def, 20;
/// Enable groups (BETA!) (Know the risks!) |> Enables groups support for organizations (Currently contains known issues!).
org_groups_enabled: bool, false, def, false;
},
/// Yubikey settings
yubico: _enable_yubico {
/// Enabled
_enable_yubico: bool, true, def, true;
/// Client ID
yubico_client_id: String, true, option;
/// Secret Key
yubico_secret_key: Pass, true, option;
/// Server
yubico_server: String, true, option;
},
/// Global Duo settings (Note that users can override them)
duo: _enable_duo {
/// Enabled
_enable_duo: bool, true, def, false;
/// Integration Key
duo_ikey: String, true, option;
/// Secret Key
duo_skey: Pass, true, option;
/// Host
duo_host: String, true, option;
/// Application Key (generated automatically)
_duo_akey: Pass, false, option;
},
/// SMTP Email Settings
smtp: _enable_smtp {
/// Enabled
_enable_smtp: bool, true, def, true;
/// Use Sendmail |> Whether to send mail via the `sendmail` command
use_sendmail: bool, true, def, false;
/// Sendmail Command |> Which sendmail command to use. The one found in the $PATH is used if not specified.
sendmail_command: String, true, option;
/// Host
smtp_host: String, true, option;
/// DEPRECATED smtp_ssl |> DEPRECATED - Please use SMTP_SECURITY
smtp_ssl: bool, false, option;
/// DEPRECATED smtp_explicit_tls |> DEPRECATED - Please use SMTP_SECURITY
smtp_explicit_tls: bool, false, option;
/// Secure SMTP |> ("starttls", "force_tls", "off") Enable a secure connection. Default is "starttls" (Explicit - ports 587 or 25), "force_tls" (Implicit - port 465) or "off", no encryption
smtp_security: String, true, auto, |c| smtp_convert_deprecated_ssl_options(c.smtp_ssl, c.smtp_explicit_tls); // TODO: After deprecation make it `def, "starttls".to_string()`
/// Port
smtp_port: u16, true, auto, |c| if c.smtp_security == *"force_tls" {465} else if c.smtp_security == *"starttls" {587} else {25};
/// From Address
smtp_from: String, true, def, String::new();
/// From Name
smtp_from_name: String, true, def, "Vaultwarden".to_string();
/// Username
smtp_username: String, true, option;
/// Password
smtp_password: Pass, true, option;
/// SMTP Auth mechanism |> Defaults for SSL is "Plain" and "Login" and nothing for Non-SSL connections. Possible values: ["Plain", "Login", "Xoauth2"]. Multiple options need to be separated by a comma ','.
smtp_auth_mechanism: String, true, option;
/// SMTP connection timeout |> Number of seconds when to stop trying to connect to the SMTP server
smtp_timeout: u64, true, def, 15;
/// Server name sent during HELO |> By default this value should be is on the machine's hostname, but might need to be changed in case it trips some anti-spam filters
helo_name: String, true, option;
/// Embed images as email attachments.
smtp_embed_images: bool, true, def, true;
/// _smtp_img_src
_smtp_img_src: String, false, gen, |c| generate_smtp_img_src(c.smtp_embed_images, &c.domain);
/// Enable SMTP debugging (Know the risks!) |> DANGEROUS: Enabling this will output very detailed SMTP messages. This could contain sensitive information like passwords and usernames! Only enable this during troubleshooting!
smtp_debug: bool, false, def, false;
/// Accept Invalid Certs (Know the risks!) |> DANGEROUS: Allow invalid certificates. This option introduces significant vulnerabilities to man-in-the-middle attacks!
smtp_accept_invalid_certs: bool, true, def, false;
/// Accept Invalid Hostnames (Know the risks!) |> DANGEROUS: Allow invalid hostnames. This option introduces significant vulnerabilities to man-in-the-middle attacks!
smtp_accept_invalid_hostnames: bool, true, def, false;
},
/// Email 2FA Settings
email_2fa: _enable_email_2fa {
/// Enabled |> Disabling will prevent users from setting up new email 2FA and using existing email 2FA configured
_enable_email_2fa: bool, true, auto, |c| c._enable_smtp && (c.smtp_host.is_some() || c.use_sendmail);
/// Email token size |> Number of digits in an email 2FA token (min: 6, max: 255). Note that the Bitwarden clients are hardcoded to mention 6 digit codes regardless of this setting.
email_token_size: u8, true, def, 6;
/// Token expiration time |> Maximum time in seconds a token is valid. The time the user has to open email client and copy token.
email_expiration_time: u64, true, def, 600;
/// Maximum attempts |> Maximum attempts before an email token is reset and a new email will need to be sent
email_attempts_limit: u64, true, def, 3;
},
}
fn validate_config(cfg: &ConfigItems) -> Result<(), Error> {
// Validate connection URL is valid and DB feature is enabled
let url = &cfg.database_url;
if DbConnType::from_url(url)? == DbConnType::sqlite && url.contains('/') {
let path = std::path::Path::new(&url);
if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
if !parent.is_dir() {
err!(format!("SQLite database directory `{}` does not exist or is not a directory", parent.display()));
}
}
}
if cfg.password_iterations < 100_000 {
err!("PASSWORD_ITERATIONS should be at least 100000 or higher. The default is 600000!");
}
let limit = 256;
if cfg.database_max_conns < 1 || cfg.database_max_conns > limit {
err!(format!("`DATABASE_MAX_CONNS` contains an invalid value. Ensure it is between 1 and {limit}.",));
}
if let Some(log_file) = &cfg.log_file {
if std::fs::OpenOptions::new().append(true).create(true).open(log_file).is_err() {
err!("Unable to write to log file", log_file);
}
}
let dom = cfg.domain.to_lowercase();
if !dom.starts_with("http://") && !dom.starts_with("https://") {
err!(
"DOMAIN variable needs to contain the protocol (http, https). Use 'http[s]://bw.example.com' instead of 'bw.example.com'"
);
}
let whitelist = &cfg.signups_domains_whitelist;
if !whitelist.is_empty() && whitelist.split(',').any(|d| d.trim().is_empty()) {
err!("`SIGNUPS_DOMAINS_WHITELIST` contains empty tokens");
}
let org_creation_users = cfg.org_creation_users.trim().to_lowercase();
if !(org_creation_users.is_empty() || org_creation_users == "all" || org_creation_users == "none")
&& org_creation_users.split(',').any(|u| !u.contains('@'))
{
err!("`ORG_CREATION_USERS` contains invalid email addresses");
}
if let Some(ref token) = cfg.admin_token {
if token.trim().is_empty() && !cfg.disable_admin_token {
println!("[WARNING] `ADMIN_TOKEN` is enabled but has an empty value, so the admin page will be disabled.");
println!("[WARNING] To enable the admin page without a token, use `DISABLE_ADMIN_TOKEN`.");
}
}
if cfg._enable_duo
&& (cfg.duo_host.is_some() || cfg.duo_ikey.is_some() || cfg.duo_skey.is_some())
&& !(cfg.duo_host.is_some() && cfg.duo_ikey.is_some() && cfg.duo_skey.is_some())
{
err!("All Duo options need to be set for global Duo support")
}
if cfg._enable_yubico {
if cfg.yubico_client_id.is_some() != cfg.yubico_secret_key.is_some() {
err!("Both `YUBICO_CLIENT_ID` and `YUBICO_SECRET_KEY` must be set for Yubikey OTP support")
}
if let Some(yubico_server) = &cfg.yubico_server {
let yubico_server = yubico_server.to_lowercase();
if !yubico_server.starts_with("https://") {
err!("`YUBICO_SERVER` must be a valid URL and start with 'https://'. Either unset this variable or provide a valid URL.")
}
}
}
if cfg._enable_smtp {
match cfg.smtp_security.as_str() {
"off" | "starttls" | "force_tls" => (),
_ => err!(
"`SMTP_SECURITY` is invalid. It needs to be one of the following options: starttls, force_tls or off"
),
}
if cfg.use_sendmail {
let command = cfg.sendmail_command.clone().unwrap_or_else(|| format!("sendmail{EXE_SUFFIX}"));
let mut path = std::path::PathBuf::from(&command);
if !path.is_absolute() {
match which::which(&command) {
Ok(result) => path = result,
Err(_) => err!(format!("sendmail command {command:?} not found in $PATH")),
}
}
match path.metadata() {
Err(err) if err.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => {
err!(format!("sendmail command not found at `{path:?}`"))
}
Err(err) => {
err!(format!("failed to access sendmail command at `{path:?}`: {err}"))
}
Ok(metadata) => {
if metadata.is_dir() {
err!(format!("sendmail command at `{path:?}` isn't a directory"));
}
#[cfg(unix)]
{
use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
if !metadata.permissions().mode() & 0o111 != 0 {
err!(format!("sendmail command at `{path:?}` isn't executable"));
}
}
}
}
} else {
if cfg.smtp_host.is_some() == cfg.smtp_from.is_empty() {
err!("Both `SMTP_HOST` and `SMTP_FROM` need to be set for email support without `USE_SENDMAIL`")
}
if cfg.smtp_username.is_some() != cfg.smtp_password.is_some() {
err!("Both `SMTP_USERNAME` and `SMTP_PASSWORD` need to be set to enable email authentication without `USE_SENDMAIL`")
}
}
if (cfg.smtp_host.is_some() || cfg.use_sendmail) && !cfg.smtp_from.contains('@') {
err!("SMTP_FROM does not contain a mandatory @ sign")
}
if cfg._enable_email_2fa && cfg.email_token_size < 6 {
err!("`EMAIL_TOKEN_SIZE` has a minimum size of 6")
}
}
if cfg._enable_email_2fa && !(cfg.smtp_host.is_some() || cfg.use_sendmail) {
err!("To enable email 2FA, a mail transport must be configured")
}
// Check if the icon blacklist regex is valid
if let Some(ref r) = cfg.icon_blacklist_regex {
let validate_regex = regex::Regex::new(r);
match validate_regex {
Ok(_) => (),
Err(e) => err!(format!("`ICON_BLACKLIST_REGEX` is invalid: {e:#?}")),
}
}
// Check if the icon service is valid
let icon_service = cfg.icon_service.as_str();
match icon_service {
"internal" | "bitwarden" | "duckduckgo" | "google" => (),
_ => {
if !icon_service.starts_with("http") {
err!(format!("Icon service URL `{icon_service}` must start with \"http\""))
}
match icon_service.matches("{}").count() {
1 => (), // nominal
0 => err!(format!("Icon service URL `{icon_service}` has no placeholder \"{{}}\"")),
_ => err!(format!("Icon service URL `{icon_service}` has more than one placeholder \"{{}}\"")),
}
}
}
// Check if the icon redirect code is valid
match cfg.icon_redirect_code {
301 | 302 | 307 | 308 => (),
_ => err!("Only HTTP 301/302 and 307/308 redirects are supported"),
}
if cfg.invitation_expiration_hours < 1 {
err!("`INVITATION_EXPIRATION_HOURS` has a minimum duration of 1 hour")
}
// Validate schedule crontab format
if !cfg.send_purge_schedule.is_empty() && cfg.send_purge_schedule.parse::<Schedule>().is_err() {
err!("`SEND_PURGE_SCHEDULE` is not a valid cron expression")
}
if !cfg.trash_purge_schedule.is_empty() && cfg.trash_purge_schedule.parse::<Schedule>().is_err() {
err!("`TRASH_PURGE_SCHEDULE` is not a valid cron expression")
}
if !cfg.incomplete_2fa_schedule.is_empty() && cfg.incomplete_2fa_schedule.parse::<Schedule>().is_err() {
err!("`INCOMPLETE_2FA_SCHEDULE` is not a valid cron expression")
}
if !cfg.emergency_notification_reminder_schedule.is_empty()
&& cfg.emergency_notification_reminder_schedule.parse::<Schedule>().is_err()
{
err!("`EMERGENCY_NOTIFICATION_REMINDER_SCHEDULE` is not a valid cron expression")
}
if !cfg.emergency_request_timeout_schedule.is_empty()
&& cfg.emergency_request_timeout_schedule.parse::<Schedule>().is_err()
{
err!("`EMERGENCY_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_SCHEDULE` is not a valid cron expression")
}
if !cfg.event_cleanup_schedule.is_empty() && cfg.event_cleanup_schedule.parse::<Schedule>().is_err() {
err!("`EVENT_CLEANUP_SCHEDULE` is not a valid cron expression")
}
Ok(())
}
/// Extracts an RFC 6454 web origin from a URL.
fn extract_url_origin(url: &str) -> String {
match Url::parse(url) {
Ok(u) => u.origin().ascii_serialization(),
Err(e) => {
println!("Error validating domain: {e}");
String::new()
}
}
}
/// Extracts the path from a URL.
/// All trailing '/' chars are trimmed, even if the path is a lone '/'.
fn extract_url_path(url: &str) -> String {
match Url::parse(url) {
Ok(u) => u.path().trim_end_matches('/').to_string(),
Err(_) => {
// We already print it in the method above, no need to do it again
String::new()
}
}
}
fn generate_smtp_img_src(embed_images: bool, domain: &str) -> String {
if embed_images {
"cid:".to_string()
} else {
format!("{domain}/vw_static/")
}
}
/// Generate the correct URL for the icon service.
/// This will be used within icons.rs to call the external icon service.
fn generate_icon_service_url(icon_service: &str) -> String {
match icon_service {
"internal" => String::new(),
"bitwarden" => "https://icons.bitwarden.net/{}/icon.png".to_string(),
"duckduckgo" => "https://icons.duckduckgo.com/ip3/{}.ico".to_string(),
"google" => "https://www.google.com/s2/favicons?domain={}&sz=32".to_string(),
_ => icon_service.to_string(),
}
}
/// Generate the CSP string needed to allow redirected icon fetching
fn generate_icon_service_csp(icon_service: &str, icon_service_url: &str) -> String {
// We split on the first '{', since that is the variable delimiter for an icon service URL.
// Everything up until the first '{' should be fixed and can be used as an CSP string.
let csp_string = match icon_service_url.split_once('{') {
Some((c, _)) => c.to_string(),
None => String::new(),
};
// Because Google does a second redirect to there gstatic.com domain, we need to add an extra csp string.
match icon_service {
"google" => csp_string + " https://*.gstatic.com/favicon",
_ => csp_string,
}
}
/// Convert the old SMTP_SSL and SMTP_EXPLICIT_TLS options
fn smtp_convert_deprecated_ssl_options(smtp_ssl: Option<bool>, smtp_explicit_tls: Option<bool>) -> String {
if smtp_explicit_tls.is_some() || smtp_ssl.is_some() {
println!("[DEPRECATED]: `SMTP_SSL` or `SMTP_EXPLICIT_TLS` is set. Please use `SMTP_SECURITY` instead.");
}
if smtp_explicit_tls.is_some() && smtp_explicit_tls.unwrap() {
return "force_tls".to_string();
} else if smtp_ssl.is_some() && !smtp_ssl.unwrap() {
return "off".to_string();
}
// Return the default `starttls` in all other cases
"starttls".to_string()
}
impl Config {
pub fn load() -> Result<Self, Error> {
// Loading from env and file
let _env = ConfigBuilder::from_env();
let _usr = ConfigBuilder::from_file(&CONFIG_FILE).unwrap_or_default();
// Create merged config, config file overwrites env
let mut _overrides = Vec::new();
let builder = _env.merge(&_usr, true, &mut _overrides);
// Fill any missing with defaults
let config = builder.build();
validate_config(&config)?;
Ok(Config {
inner: RwLock::new(Inner {
rocket_shutdown_handle: None,
ws_shutdown_handle: None,
templates: load_templates(&config.templates_folder),
config,
_env,
_usr,
_overrides,
}),
})
}
pub fn update_config(&self, other: ConfigBuilder) -> Result<(), Error> {
// Remove default values
//let builder = other.remove(&self.inner.read().unwrap()._env);
// TODO: Remove values that are defaults, above only checks those set by env and not the defaults
let builder = other;
// Serialize now before we consume the builder
let config_str = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&builder)?;
// Prepare the combined config
let mut overrides = Vec::new();
let config = {
let env = &self.inner.read().unwrap()._env;
env.merge(&builder, false, &mut overrides).build()
};
validate_config(&config)?;
// Save both the user and the combined config
{
let mut writer = self.inner.write().unwrap();
writer.config = config;
writer._usr = builder;
writer._overrides = overrides;
}
//Save to file
use std::{fs::File, io::Write};
let mut file = File::create(&*CONFIG_FILE)?;
file.write_all(config_str.as_bytes())?;
Ok(())
}
fn update_config_partial(&self, other: ConfigBuilder) -> Result<(), Error> {
let builder = {
let usr = &self.inner.read().unwrap()._usr;
let mut _overrides = Vec::new();
usr.merge(&other, false, &mut _overrides)
};
self.update_config(builder)
}
/// Tests whether an email's domain is allowed. A domain is allowed if it
/// is in signups_domains_whitelist, or if no whitelist is set (so there
/// are no domain restrictions in effect).
pub fn is_email_domain_allowed(&self, email: &str) -> bool {
let e: Vec<&str> = email.rsplitn(2, '@').collect();
if e.len() != 2 || e[0].is_empty() || e[1].is_empty() {
warn!("Failed to parse email address '{}'", email);
return false;
}
let email_domain = e[0].to_lowercase();
let whitelist = self.signups_domains_whitelist();
whitelist.is_empty() || whitelist.split(',').any(|d| d.trim() == email_domain)
}
/// Tests whether signup is allowed for an email address, taking into
/// account the signups_allowed and signups_domains_whitelist settings.
pub fn is_signup_allowed(&self, email: &str) -> bool {
if !self.signups_domains_whitelist().is_empty() {
// The whitelist setting overrides the signups_allowed setting.
self.is_email_domain_allowed(email)
} else {
self.signups_allowed()
}
}
/// Tests whether the specified user is allowed to create an organization.
pub fn is_org_creation_allowed(&self, email: &str) -> bool {
let users = self.org_creation_users();
if users.is_empty() || users == "all" {
true
} else if users == "none" {
false
} else {
let email = email.to_lowercase();
users.split(',').any(|u| u.trim() == email)
}
}
pub fn delete_user_config(&self) -> Result<(), Error> {
crate::util::delete_file(&CONFIG_FILE)?;
// Empty user config
let usr = ConfigBuilder::default();
// Config now is env + defaults
let config = {
let env = &self.inner.read().unwrap()._env;
env.build()
};
// Save configs
{
let mut writer = self.inner.write().unwrap();
writer.config = config;
writer._usr = usr;
writer._overrides = Vec::new();
}
Ok(())
}
pub fn private_rsa_key(&self) -> String {
format!("{}.pem", CONFIG.rsa_key_filename())
}
pub fn public_rsa_key(&self) -> String {
format!("{}.pub.pem", CONFIG.rsa_key_filename())
}
pub fn mail_enabled(&self) -> bool {
let inner = &self.inner.read().unwrap().config;
inner._enable_smtp && (inner.smtp_host.is_some() || inner.use_sendmail)
}
pub fn get_duo_akey(&self) -> String {
if let Some(akey) = self._duo_akey() {
akey
} else {
let akey_s = crate::crypto::encode_random_bytes::<64>(data_encoding::BASE64);
// Save the new value
let builder = ConfigBuilder {
_duo_akey: Some(akey_s.clone()),
..Default::default()
};
self.update_config_partial(builder).ok();
akey_s
}
}
/// Tests whether the admin token is set to a non-empty value.
pub fn is_admin_token_set(&self) -> bool {
let token = self.admin_token();
token.is_some() && !token.unwrap().trim().is_empty()
}
pub fn render_template<T: serde::ser::Serialize>(
&self,
name: &str,
data: &T,
) -> Result<String, crate::error::Error> {
if CONFIG.reload_templates() {
warn!("RELOADING TEMPLATES");
let hb = load_templates(CONFIG.templates_folder());
hb.render(name, data).map_err(Into::into)
} else {
let hb = &CONFIG.inner.read().unwrap().templates;
hb.render(name, data).map_err(Into::into)
}
}
pub fn set_rocket_shutdown_handle(&self, handle: rocket::Shutdown) {
self.inner.write().unwrap().rocket_shutdown_handle = Some(handle);
}
pub fn set_ws_shutdown_handle(&self, handle: tokio::sync::oneshot::Sender<()>) {
self.inner.write().unwrap().ws_shutdown_handle = Some(handle);
}
pub fn shutdown(&self) {
if let Ok(mut c) = self.inner.write() {
if let Some(handle) = c.ws_shutdown_handle.take() {
handle.send(()).ok();
}
if let Some(handle) = c.rocket_shutdown_handle.take() {
handle.notify();
}
}
}
}
use handlebars::{Context, Handlebars, Helper, HelperResult, Output, RenderContext, RenderError, Renderable};
fn load_templates<P>(path: P) -> Handlebars<'static>
where
P: AsRef<std::path::Path>,
{
let mut hb = Handlebars::new();
// Error on missing params
hb.set_strict_mode(true);
// Register helpers
hb.register_helper("case", Box::new(case_helper));
hb.register_helper("jsesc", Box::new(js_escape_helper));
hb.register_helper("to_json", Box::new(to_json));
macro_rules! reg {
($name:expr) => {{
let template = include_str!(concat!("static/templates/", $name, ".hbs"));
hb.register_template_string($name, template).unwrap();
}};
($name:expr, $ext:expr) => {{
reg!($name);
reg!(concat!($name, $ext));
}};
}
// First register default templates here
reg!("email/email_header");
reg!("email/email_footer");
reg!("email/email_footer_text");
reg!("email/admin_reset_password", ".html");
reg!("email/change_email", ".html");
reg!("email/delete_account", ".html");
reg!("email/emergency_access_invite_accepted", ".html");
reg!("email/emergency_access_invite_confirmed", ".html");
reg!("email/emergency_access_recovery_approved", ".html");
reg!("email/emergency_access_recovery_initiated", ".html");
reg!("email/emergency_access_recovery_rejected", ".html");
reg!("email/emergency_access_recovery_reminder", ".html");
reg!("email/emergency_access_recovery_timed_out", ".html");
reg!("email/incomplete_2fa_login", ".html");
reg!("email/invite_accepted", ".html");
reg!("email/invite_confirmed", ".html");
reg!("email/new_device_logged_in", ".html");
reg!("email/pw_hint_none", ".html");
reg!("email/pw_hint_some", ".html");
reg!("email/send_2fa_removed_from_org", ".html");
reg!("email/send_single_org_removed_from_org", ".html");
reg!("email/send_org_invite", ".html");
reg!("email/send_emergency_access_invite", ".html");
reg!("email/twofactor_email", ".html");
reg!("email/verify_email", ".html");
reg!("email/welcome", ".html");
reg!("email/welcome_must_verify", ".html");
reg!("email/smtp_test", ".html");
reg!("admin/base");
reg!("admin/login");
reg!("admin/settings");
reg!("admin/users");
reg!("admin/organizations");
reg!("admin/diagnostics");
reg!("404");
// And then load user templates to overwrite the defaults
// Use .hbs extension for the files
// Templates get registered with their relative name
hb.register_templates_directory(".hbs", path).unwrap();
hb
}
fn case_helper<'reg, 'rc>(
h: &Helper<'reg, 'rc>,
r: &'reg Handlebars<'_>,
ctx: &'rc Context,
rc: &mut RenderContext<'reg, 'rc>,
out: &mut dyn Output,
) -> HelperResult {
let param = h.param(0).ok_or_else(|| RenderError::new("Param not found for helper \"case\""))?;
let value = param.value().clone();
if h.params().iter().skip(1).any(|x| x.value() == &value) {
h.template().map(|t| t.render(r, ctx, rc, out)).unwrap_or_else(|| Ok(()))
} else {
Ok(())
}
}
fn js_escape_helper<'reg, 'rc>(
h: &Helper<'reg, 'rc>,
_r: &'reg Handlebars<'_>,
_ctx: &'rc Context,
_rc: &mut RenderContext<'reg, 'rc>,
out: &mut dyn Output,
) -> HelperResult {
let param = h.param(0).ok_or_else(|| RenderError::new("Param not found for helper \"jsesc\""))?;
let no_quote = h.param(1).is_some();
let value = param.value().as_str().ok_or_else(|| RenderError::new("Param for helper \"jsesc\" is not a String"))?;
let mut escaped_value = value.replace('\\', "").replace('\'', "\\x22").replace('\"', "\\x27");
if !no_quote {
escaped_value = format!("&quot;{escaped_value}&quot;");
}
out.write(&escaped_value)?;
Ok(())
}
fn to_json<'reg, 'rc>(
h: &Helper<'reg, 'rc>,
_r: &'reg Handlebars<'_>,
_ctx: &'rc Context,
_rc: &mut RenderContext<'reg, 'rc>,
out: &mut dyn Output,
) -> HelperResult {
let param = h.param(0).ok_or_else(|| RenderError::new("Expected 1 parameter for \"to_json\""))?.value();
let json = serde_json::to_string(param)
.map_err(|e| RenderError::new(format!("Can't serialize parameter to JSON: {e}")))?;
out.write(&json)?;
Ok(())
}